Follicular DC traps protect antigens

Leishmania pifanoi amastigote antigens protect mice against cutaneous leishmaniasis.

In the search for a leishmaniasis vaccine, extensive studies have been carried out with promastigote (insect stage) molecules. Information in this regard on amastigote (mammalian host stage) molecules is limited. To investigate host immune responses to Leishmania amastigote antigens, we purified three stage-specific antigens (A2, P4, and P8) from in vitro-cultivated amastigotes of Leishmania pi...

Cells from Apoptosis Dendritic Cells Protect Germinal Center B Notch Ligands Expressed by Follicular

Dendritic Cells Protect Germinal Center B Notch Ligands Expressed by Follicular

Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Contain Selected Antigens of Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are chromatin filaments decorated with enzymes from neutrophil cytoplasmic granules. Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs) bind to enzymes from neutrophil cytoplasmic granules and are biomarkers for the diagnosis of systemic vasculitides. ANCA diagnostics are based on indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) of ethanol-fixed neutrophils. IIF shows a cytop...

Skin DC Induce Follicular Helper T Cells and Protective Humoral Immune Responses

Background—The contribution of individual subsets of dendritic cells (DC) to the generation of adaptive immunity is central to understanding immune homeostasis and protective immune responses. Objective—We sought to define functions for steady-state skin DC. Methods—Herein we present an approach in which we restrict antigen presentation to individual DC subsets in the skin and monitor the effec...